[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.aqa.sk\/financie-a-peniaze\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.aqa.sk\/financie-a-peniaze\/","headline":"Financie a peniaze","name":"Financie a peniaze","description":"Financie s\u00fa \u010dasto stoto\u017e\u0148ovan\u00e9 s pojmom peniaze. V\u00fdhoda pe\u0148az\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee peniaze n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa rozvoj de\u013eby pr\u00e1ce, ktor\u00e1 bola zn\u00e1ma u\u017e v antike. Definovanie pe\u0148az\u00ed m\u00e1 viacrozmern\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Modern\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00e1 […]","datePublished":"2023-03-28","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.aqa.sk\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.aqa.sk\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cae764794acc12213aa530e21558ed2bd96c03f91e0c3ad21cc1905765be658?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9cae764794acc12213aa530e21558ed2bd96c03f91e0c3ad21cc1905765be658?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"aqa.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.aqa.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sergey-mushrooms-1905780_1280_1.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.aqa.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/sergey-mushrooms-1905780_1280_1.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.aqa.sk\/financie-a-peniaze\/","about":["Financie"],"wordCount":462,"articleBody":"Financie s\u00fa \u010dasto stoto\u017e\u0148ovan\u00e9 s pojmom peniaze. V\u00fdhoda pe\u0148az\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee peniaze n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa rozvoj de\u013eby pr\u00e1ce, ktor\u00e1 bola zn\u00e1ma u\u017e v antike. Definovanie pe\u0148az\u00ed m\u00e1 viacrozmern\u00fd v\u00fdznam.Modern\u00e1 finan\u010dn\u00e1 veda vych\u00e1dza z predpokladu, \u017ee peniaze, konkr\u00e9tne ich funkcia, nes\u00favis\u00ed s ich vlastnou hodnotou, ale vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa z ich pou\u017eite\u013enosti pri trhovej v\u00fdmene. Peniaze sa preto posudzuj\u00fa pod\u013ea toho, \u010do za ne m\u00f4\u017eme k\u00fapi\u0165, \u010di\u017ee nepriamo a nie pod\u013ea priamej u\u017eito\u010dnosti. V\u0161etko, \u010do sa be\u017ene prij\u00edma ako platidlo (legal tender) pre spl\u00e1canie dlhu, sa berie ako peniaze.Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 funkcie pe\u0148az\u00ed:a) peniaze ako n\u00e1stroj v\u00fdmeny a platiebb) ako prostriedok na uchov\u00e1vanie hodnotyc) ako meradlo hodnotyPe\u0148a\u017en\u00e1 z\u00e1soba je pojem na vyjadrenie ur\u010dit\u00e9ho objemu, objemu sumy dom\u00e1cej alebo zahrani\u010dnej meny. Do pe\u0148a\u017enej z\u00e1soby sa zahr\u0148uj\u00fa napr\u00edklad aj vklady na term\u00ednovan\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dtoch v dom\u00e1cej a zahrani\u010dnej mene, niektor\u00e9 druhy cenn\u00fdch papierov. Tak\u00e1to pe\u0148a\u017en\u00e1 z\u00e1soba sa meria pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fdmi agreg\u00e1tmi alebo menov\u00fdmi agreg\u00e1tmi. Menov\u00e9 agreg\u00e1ty (Monetary Agregates) vyjadruj\u00fa s\u00fahrn pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fdch prostriedkov s ur\u010dit\u00fdm stup\u0148om likvidity a takisto sa l\u00ed\u0161ia stup\u0148om likvidity. Pri spres\u0148ovan\u00ed jednotn\u00e9ho definovania jednotliv\u00fdch agreg\u00e1tov pe\u0148a\u017enej z\u00e1soby sa vych\u00e1dza z po\u017eiadaviek na pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fa politiku.V ekonomike existuje ekoomick\u00e1 te\u00f3ria, ktor\u00e1 dvoma sp\u00f4sobmi ur\u010duje rovnov\u00e1hu medzi ponukou a dopytom po peniazoch. Na rozdiel od minulosti, kde ponuka pe\u0148az\u00ed sa vyv\u00edjala v z\u00e1vislosti na \u0165a\u017ebe drah\u00fdch kovov, v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti z\u00e1vis\u00ed od sp\u00f4sobu ak\u00fdm sa vklady pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fdch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed podie\u013eaj\u00fa na \u00faverovej \u010dinnosti a na oper\u00e1ci\u00e1ch s cenn\u00fdmi papiermi. Dopyt po peniazoch nevznik\u00e1 preto, aby sme ich spotrebovali alebo skonzumovali ako tovary-potraviny, odevy a podobne.Dopyt po peniazoch je motivovan\u00fd potrebou ich dr\u017eby. V\u0161etci potrebujeme peniaze, \u010di u\u017e ide o dom\u00e1cnosti alebo fyzick\u00e9 osoby, aby sme nakupovali tovary, platili za slu\u017eby a firmy a podniky zase na platenie miezd pracovn\u00edkom, na zaplatenie tovaru a pr\u00e1ve tieto potreby vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa transak\u010dn\u00fd dopyt po peniazoch.Obyvate\u013estvo su\u017euje infl\u00e1cia, ktor\u00e1 je javom pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fdm. Sp\u00e1ja sa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm s prekro\u010den\u00edm optim\u00e1lneho mno\u017estva pe\u0148az\u00ed v obehu, \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje naru\u0161enie rovnov\u00e1hy medzi jeho \u017eiadan\u00fdm a pon\u00fakan\u00fdm mno\u017estvom.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.2\/5 - (16 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Financie a peniaze","item":"https:\/\/www.aqa.sk\/financie-a-peniaze\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]